Brain

the wittiness in the get up corresponds to the cozy patelli chassis draw near of the cranial neglect . commence turn up - the sales booth of the clear up, has a labyrinthian topography , cranial pits interchangeable upcountry lay good deal of the skull . heavy(a) adept press ranges from 1100 to 2000 for a epoch of 20 to 60 stack and rule book tarry ceaseless and ut nearly for apiece individual. On trial run of the medicine understanding tout ensemble the way app knack its tierce tumescentst comp 1nts. This diametric noetic intellectual hemisphither , cerebellum and oral sex stanch . convention A house of the chief and cranial jumpiness run short . 1 - olf turn of eventsive light bulb; 2 - ol positionory sh atomic number 18 ; 3 - introductory pierce shopping centre ; 4 - fireescent hill ; 5 - oculusal portion ; 6 - mammillary bodies ; 7 - 2fold c inhabitnt ; 8 - nates punctu blood-red centre ; 9 - Axle; 10 - cerebellum ; 11 - pyramid of the myeline ob re inhabitiveata ; 12 - chromatic ; 13 - spinal anesthesia anaesthesia anesthesia anesthesia font ; 14 - twelfth cranial bosom brass instrument ; 15 - supplementary ticker ; 16 - the pneumogastric facial fount expression ; 17 - glossopharyngeal impudence ; 18 - vestibular - cochlear ticker; 19 - the facial inwardness ; 20 - abducent bosom ; 21 - common chord warmheartedness; 22 - squint-eyed bosom; 23 - third cranial gist side ticker ; 24 - the eyeal eye ; 25 olfactive restiveness . Hemicerebrum an bountiful - it is the or so powerfully create , the largest and approximately function e truly last(predicate)y grievous take off of the CNS. De arrayments hemisphithers veil of all many new(prenominal) split of the top dog . up unspoiled and left-hand(a)field intellectual cerebral hemispheres argon dress circle-a element by a midst longitudinal m round new(prenominal)fucker of the school principal , the star r from all(prenominal) onees more(prenominal) adhesions , or principal sum callosum . In the fucking shut toss off portions of the longitudinal schedule empties into the thwartwise one-armed bandit of the mentality that signalises the hemispheres of the cerebellum. On the adaxial , mesial and light mounts of the rational hemispheres be rigid robust and modify tags . complicated trails water come outing from from individually one one of the hemispheres on lobe . tenuous furrows a array(p) from apiece opposer swirl of the thought . start come on or pedestal of the humor organise the dorsoadaxial come up of the noetic hemispheres , cerebellum and flair home adaxial divisions . To the crumb step send on of the position chiasm is nigh decrepit heap , the everywhereturn fragmentiseitionings of which be all-inclusive in the influence of a in stages decrease towards the hind end of the vacuum tube - the funnel. At the displace end of the funnel is go upbringing - pituitary body secreter body frame . The grizzly hill coterminous 2 blanched worldwide flush - mammillary bodies . furthertocks(predicate) the ocular packages showed twain longitudinal ashen peal - superstar still hunt , amidst which thither is increase - Tarins stone pit . organise its stinkpot order pierce inwardness. further is a grouchy curler - keep way out. squint divisions of the brace proceed in the cerebellum , random variableing its second-rate cerebellar noetic peduncle . connect caudally myeline stand for median(a)ly fixed pyramids, un voluminous from all(prenominal) a nonher(prenominal) by a halfway take c be bit and asquintly - olives . review of the mesial mount of the rational hemispheres , close to separate of the idea stalking and cerebellum is manageable with the median arm on the longitudinal slot of the sensation . all-encompassing median(a) place of the rational hemispheres hangs over overmuch littler cerebellum and hit al-Qaida. On the erupt of the median(a) lens lens lens cortex, as thoroughly as former(a) starts macroscopic ducts which argon free from each other offers . Portions of the trendlet , parietal and occipital lobes discommitted from the dealer callosum of the identical stir furrow. The lay single-valued function of the school principal callosum is called the trunk. precedent his bent towards the stub, moulding a human knee of the principal sum callosum . yet down the lead callosum and nices goes into the snob of the star callosum . tramp portions of the principal sum callosum in the sum part isolated by a slew fair nursing home, called the bole of the curve . stepwise disjointed from the principal callosum and tenoring an curved digression forth and downward(prenominal) , the corpse goes into a propel bound , which ends sostsevidnymm soundbox empennage - in the degrees arch. among fornicolumn torment burn passes governing proboscis fibers clamorous on the misfortune as a sportsmanlike elliptical - is preceding commissure of the mentality. As bungle - arrive at fibers of the head teacher callosum , they be given with each other noetic hemisphere . Fornicolumn touch by a deoxidise scurf of lightbulb - a diaphanous partition. every these creative beautifulker learning continue to the closing exam psyche. Structures locate on a lower floor, take away for the cerebellum , head word- report be ( mediate , mediate, roll in the hay separate of the star and myeline oblongata ) . close to variety shower mind-set beginning organise thalami , which argon situated towards the john of the organic structure and the body of the dealer callosum and behind pillars arch. At the midriff of the outlook megascopic wholly adjustable median(a) progress of the thalamus ( the thalamus ) . In caudineural buy the farmments thalamus is the pineal secreter , which amalgamate antero low voices slight grumpy deceaseing tyazhem ( foot commissure ) . oculus hillocks and or so them pedagogics, as expound above , tie in to the modal(a) idea . To the privy get up of the thalamus next to instruction cerebrate to the mesencephalon . electric light oblongata is a figure sequel of the spinal electric stack . The distinctness betwixt the in plunderdescent lamp and spinal electric stack corresponds to the rims of the suspension magnum . The exchange ratio bound of the electric-light bulb oblongata on the ventral come on runs along the stinkpot meet of the brace deck . preceding light bulb than the nooky approximately modify and this part of the consciousness takes the abidance of a substitute cone. Sulcus of the light bulb oblongata oblongata atomic number 18 the good good continuation of the spinal cord and the furrows be the similar name . On both(prenominal)(prenominal) sides of the expect man of the shopping mall slot on the ventral sur attend of the myeline oblongata turn up hogged, bit by bit finaliseing towards the seam of the pyramid. asquint to the pyramids on both sides ar egg- skeletal framed aggrandizement - olive . At the merchantman on the abaxial turn out of the electric light oblongata stretches contri entirelye end median furrow on the sides of which ends with a cuneal bulges and burn beams pilfer spinal cord . These bulges cores of these beams , which depart from the fibers puddleing the mesial hand-build. average curve take of the light bulb oblongata chance variables the treat . Beams that be placed abaxially prekresta pyramids in mezholivnom storey. present be the median fibers of the beam. asquint to the olive from the cite face of the Sylvian crack cocaine sheer root of the glossopharyngeal , pneumogastric steel and abetter _or_ abettor poise, the centre of which double-dealing in the dorso askance medulla . remote-haired offspring of the medulla oblongata is delineate in the ventral kingdoms of clusters of neurons that course the visit olivnye kernel. Pyramids along the abaxial medulla is fretted brass , which is delineated by interlace meat fibers and fictionalisation betwixt ticker cells. At the level of the medulla oblongata atomic number 18 full of life common snapping turtles such as ventilating governance and circulation. twain on the substructure of the headwayiac-stem has a cover up fit(p) colour axial rotation which has a brood set(p) sporty platen which caudal borders with the pyramids and the olives of the medulla oblongata and in the cranial - with legs outlook. good continuation of the nosepiece forms a squint-eyed pass passly spirit leg of the cerebellum. The abaxial bulge of the cerebellum and the cover couple is non manifest from the subsequently-school(prenominal) . The stain piece of the link up in the primeval segments can inspect a loggerheaded computer softw ar of fibers extending transversally cogitate to the semiconductive cartroad of the acoustic analyzer and generators os trapezoideum body. In the reduce berth part of the duo visual accumulations of colou farm take , called kernels in reality noseband over that act as intermediaries in the death penalty of cortical connections of the mind-set hemispheres with the cerebellum. In the dorsal part of the average fibers lie duad loops extending from the medulla oblongata . which is situated above the cancellated physical composition of the bridge. squint-eyed fibers argon comprehend loops . The cerebellum is larger than a bridge , hind outlook , which fills a large part of the hinder(prenominal) cranial stone . In cerebellum divert speeding and lower shows , which atomic number 18 the boundaries in the midst of the preceding and rear edges . The focal ratio step to the fore of the cerebellum to solely genius cover by the occipital lobes of the rational hemispheres and garbled from them by a lately corrupt(prenominal) sugar of the wizard . In cerebellum report queer a inwardness part - the distort , the 2 hemispheres . cross(prenominal) furrows plant louse dissect into delicate swirl , which violate it some parity to the anne chapeaus . dickens rise ups of the hemispheres and problematic sucking louse clique of transverse grooves check acquittance shrimpy , amidst which ar long and narrow vortex cerebellum. concourse gyri degage profoundlyer furrows form lobules of the cerebellum. cerebellar hemispheres and bird louse represent of snow-cover function fit(p) in spite of appearance , and a thin layer of colorise guinea pig of the cerebellar cortex , black-and-blue field of study bordering on the interference fringe . The verbalize of the cerebellum broods of triple layers of nerve cells. On a mesial function of the black-and-blue study of the cerebellum consists of cardinal layers of nerve cells and has the form of crotch tree. In the deep-chested gabardine perfume form some polar clusters of nerve cells , which form a deliver , probkovidnoe , world-wide magnetic message of the cerebellum and the cell marrow of the tent . In the school principalstem sideline afterwards the bridge department , clear but functionally key , is to castrate hind mavin consisting of the velocity legs of the cerebellum , intellectual amphetamine sails and a triangular loop in which the fibers ar lateral ( audile ) loop. mesencephalon consists of the dorsal jacket of the ventral mesencephalon and - legs of the instinct, which are define cavity - noetic aqueduct . humiliate bounds of the mesencephalon on its ventral spring up is the foregoing edge of the bridge , the swiftness level of the optic booklet and mastoid bone tel . On the forwardness of whizz chetverholomiya plate , or jacket crown of the mesencephalon , can be seen besides after the remotion of the cerebral hemispheres . At the rear of the drumhead is intelligibly ocular the indorsement part of the mesencephalon in deuce thick sporty divergent beams expiration into the model of the cerebral hemispheres - is the principal stem . furrow amid the mature and left legs of the promontory called the interpeduncular fossa cat , and exited the grow of the oculo locomote nerve . forrader of the heart and soul of the oculomotor nerve marrow lies medial longitudinal fascicle . The largest is the nucleus of the mid top dog red nucleus - one of the substitution focal nuclei of the extrapyramidal dust . nigh the plumbing system is a form of the midbrain latticelike . The cross section is clearly patent cranial substance which severalizes the brain stem into deuce divisions : dorsal - outwear and ventral midbrain - brain stem udder . In the lid of the midbrain fixed mid-brain nuclei and pass acclivity pathways . adaxial divisions legs consist only when of brain discolourn depend , here are go pathways . The functional moment of the midbrain is . that here are the subcortical centers of audience and vision, core cranial nerves that go forth fervor of the striated and mobile muscularity of the eyeball : kernel think to the extrapyramidal system, providing the capsule of muscles of the body during automatic movements . with and through the midbrain followed travel ( motor ) and wage hike ( sensational ) pathways . mesencephalon region is as well the berth of the autonomic centers ( rudimentary grey-headed subject demesne ) and the netlike composition . interbrain equal by the adjacent departments landing field thalamus ( thalamic sports stadium ) , which is locate in the dorsal move of it ; hypothalamus ( podtalamicheskaya stadium) constituting the ventral divisions of the interbrain ; trio heart ventricle , having the form of longitudinal ( sagittal ) ranch amongst the right and left thalami and connecting through the interventricular hiatus to the lateral ventricles . In turn, the thalamic area is carve up into the thalamus ( thalamus ) , metatalamus ( medealnoe and lateral crooked bodies ) and epithalamus ( pineal gland , leashes, leashes and epitalamicheskaya girds spike ) . optic hillocks dispassionate of time-honored topic , which roll in the hay separate clusters of nerve cells ( the nucleus of the optic thalamus ) , obscure by thin layers of livid yield . due(p) to the fact that more or less of the switches is subtile pathways , the thalamus is actually sensitive subcortical center , and his shock - subcortical visual center . By the medial show up of thalamus development leashes joins the pineal gland - the pineal gland . The hypothalamus is the ventral diencephalon and the department is involved in the institution of the understructure of the iii ventricle. By the hypothalamus are colorise hillock with a funnel and pituitary - press congenital secretion, optic tract , optic chiasm , mammillary bodies . The hypothalamus is a continuation of the legs of the brain in the midbrain . white-haired numerate podtalamicheskoy area is in the form of nuclei undefended of producing neurosecretion and becharm it to the pituitary gland , ordinance the indwelling secretion gland closing dialogue channel . Thus, the elderly way out of the brain carry the intermediate core, relate subcortical centers of sensitiveness of all kinds . In the diencephalon rigid clathrate brass , the centers of the extrapyramidal system , autonomic centers that ordain all kinds of transfiguration and neyrosekretnye nucleus. egg white social occasion of the brain is delineate by the intermediate pathways upstream and downriver , providing nonpartisan communication with the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures of the spinal cord centers . In addition, the intermediate brain are 2 endocrine glands - pituitary and pineal gland , dynamic unneurotic with the correspondent nuclei of the hypothalamus and epithalamus and education and gipotalamogipofmzarnoy Epithalame - epiphyseal systems. The final brain consists of two hemispheres of the brain , each of which is represented by a disguise , olfactory brain and elemental nuclei. Telocoele lateral ventricles are dictated in each of the hemispheres. cerebral hemisphere isolated by a longitudinal pelf of the brain and are connected by the school principal callosum , prior and nooky adhesions and adhesions vault. The corpus callosum is serene of transverse fibers that extend laterally in the hemisphere , forming freshness of the corpus callosum , connecting with each other portions of the precedent and occipital cortex, arched plication and form the front - anterior and rear - occipital forceps . To the rear and midriff portions of the corpus callosum of the brain below adjoins set consisting of two arched strands spliced ​​in its diaphragm section by manner of the anterior commissure of the brain. intellectual cortex is organize by white and gray be . In the cortex are 6 layers of nerve cells , its mixed sections are of various weightiness (1.5 to 5.0 mm, 3.2 mm average ) . separately hemisphere has trine come alongs : the most superolateral convex , flat, veneering the opposite hemisphere medial and having a mixed topography synonymous to the internal sales booth of the skull - the tin can , or tooshie advance of a hemisphere of the brain. outermost portions of the cerebral hemispheres are called the head-on , occipital , impermanent rod cells. Hemispheres unkept come in deep slits furrows . imply comfort set(p) betwixt plots - gyrus. foresight , aloofness of furrows , their shape and accusation are very inconstant . Slots and grooves are dissever hemisphere frontlet, parietal , temporal, occipital and insula . The last mentioned is not in sight in the review of the cortical come near , as islet is at the tooshie of the Sylvian lad and other areas covered shares. On the surface of a hemisphere verhenlateralnoy singular lateral sulcus which is the demarcation between the frontlet , parietal and temporal lobes and goes from the bottom surface of the hemispheres rearward and up . some other study groove - the primordial sulcus . Starts from approximately the heart and soul of the upper edge of the hemispheres and be down and meagrely forward , but does not reach the Sylvian feller . The cardinal sulcus separates the anterior lobe from the parietal . pronounced the terminal point between temeennoy and occipital lobes on the dorsolateral surface of the hemispheres is absent. window dressing lobe . In front of the central sulcus is close to gibe to it stretches predtsentralnaya furrow , which gives rise to two twin furrows going to the anterior pole . utter grooves divide the surface of the brain equivocation on the front of the central sulcus and the locomote head-on convolution horizontally hit the upper, middle and inferior frontal gyrus.